Chicago style referencing

• Throughout the text, numbered markers indicate a reference.
• Numbered markers are written consecutively, starting at 1 and set in superscript.
• The corresponding bibliographic details are then placed in notes at the bottom of the page (footnotes).
• In-text note number are placed at the end of the sentence or after some other punctuation, such as a comma or parenthesis.
• After the first citation, a shortened form of the citation may be used in subsequent notes.
  This is designed to reduce the bulk of the document. To create a shortened citation, use the surname of the author and the main title of the work, shortened if longer than four words. See 14.24.
• “Ibid.” may be used to refer to the source in the footnote immediately preceding. For example

6. Petrie, Greek History and Antiquities, 7.

7. Ibid.

8. Ibid., 11-12.

• Examples of how to format notes are shown in the sections to the right.

See chapter 14 of The Chicago Manual of Style for more detailed examples.

• A bibliography may be included at the end of the text, listing all references included in the text.
  See 14.59.
• The formatting of the bibliography differs slightly to the notes. The main differences are:
  • The name of the first author is inverted to Last name, First name, in order to alphabetise
    the list.
  • The specific page number references will be removed, except in the case of a chapter
    in an edited book. See 14.56.

• Examples of how to format notes are shown in the sections to the right.

See chapter 14 of The Chicago Manual of Style for more detailed examples.