Harvard In-text citations
In-text citations
The author-date style requires that the surname of the author and the year of the publication be inserted in the text at the appropriate point.
Where you are paraphrasing someone else’s work, you are encouraged to acknowledge this with the authors’ names, year of publication and page number if referring to a specific section.
If the authors' names form part of your sentence you do not need to include them in the parentheses. Otherwise, place both the name and the year, without punctuation, in parentheses.
Example:
Citing two or more references
If you are citing two or more references within the same parentheses, list the authors alphabetically and separate each with a semicolon.
Example:
Quotes
Include the page numbers if you directly quote another work. If the quote is under 40 words, place double quotation marks aroung the quote.
Example:
Citing a source found within another source
Where possible, it is recommended to locate the original source of information which you want to cite. If you have exhausted all options for finding the original source, you can cite the secondary source in your reference list and follow the example below for the in-text citation.
Example:
Reference list
The reference list is an alphabetical list at the end of the document giving the full details for each corresponding in-text reference. Some key rules to remember are:
- The list is sorted alphabetically and then chronologically for an author with two or more works
- Only give the authors first name initials
- Capitalise only the first word of the title, and any proper nouns
- The title of a book and a journal name are to be italicised
Example:
Abbreviations
The following abbreviations may be used in citations and reference lists:
Abbreviation | Book or publication part |
edn | edition |
et al. | and others |
n.d. | no date |
no. | number |
p., pp. | page(s) |
para., paras | paragraph(s) |
pt, pts | part(s) |
rev. | revised |
suppl. | supplement |
vol., vols | volume(s) |
Refer to page 191 of the AGPS Style Manual for a full list of accepted abbreviations.
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