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Electronic references

Many documents found online will be best classified as specific source types, e.g. an online newspaper article should be referenced as per the 'newspaper articles' section above.

Websites

General format

  1. Author A. Title of specific item cited or name of organisation if no title is given. Name of Website. Month DD, YYYY. Updated Month DD, YYYY. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL

Examples

  1. Vecchione A. FDA clears AI-powered cardiac platform for pediatric patients. Cardiovascular Business. 2021. Accessed December 2, 2021. https://www.cardiovascularbusiness.com/topics/imaging-physiology/fda-clears-ai-powered-cardiac-platform-pediatric-patients

BMJ Best Practice example:

  1. Dellavalle RP, Sivesind TE. Acne vulgaris: definition. BMJ Best Practice. Updated April 21, 2021. Accessed November 6, 2021. https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/101

UpToDate example:

  1. Abrams CS. Platelet biology. UpToDate. Updated June 11, 2021. Accessed October 9, 2021. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/platelet-biology

Style notes

  • Only include the reference elements you have – if they are not available, omit them from the reference.
  • URLs can be broken to span multiple lines.
  EndNote fields   Reference elements

 To create an EndNote reference manually, use the ‘Web Page’ reference type.

Use the EndNote fields corresponding to the reference elements.

Author   Author
Title   Title
Publisher   Name of website
Date cited   Date of publication – Month DD
Year cited   Year of publication – YYYY
Last update date   Updated date – Month DD, YYYY
Access date   Accessed date – Month DD
Access year   Accessed year – YYYY
URL   URL

Social media

Social media is constantly evolving and the details available for referencing can differ from traditionally published sources of information. Some examples for referencing social media posts are given below.

Examples

YouTube example:

  1. American Physical Therapy Association. Move forward: physical therapy brings motion to life. YouTube. April 1, 2010. Accessed September 17, 2013. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sCKuRIBCDuQ

Style notes

  • Sometimes the text of the entire post may be given instead of a title.
  EndNote fields   Reference elements

 To create an EndNote reference manually, use the ‘Social Media’ reference type.

Use the EndNote fields corresponding to the reference elements.

Username   Author
Post full text   Title or text of post
Post date   Year of publication - Month DD, YYYY
Access date   Accessed date - Month DD, YYYY
URL   URL

Blog example

  1. Mackintosh G. Six characteristics of people who follow through with New Year’s resolutions. Weight Management Psychology blog. January 1, 2021. Accessed January 5, 2021. https://www.weightmanagementpsychology.com.au/six-characteristics-of-people-who-follow-through-with-new-years-resolutions
  EndNote fields   Reference elements

 To create an EndNote reference manually, use the ‘Blog’ reference type.

Use the EndNote fields corresponding to the reference elements.

Author   Author
Title of entry   Title of post
Title of weblog   Name of blog
Date   Dater of publication – Month DD
Year   Year of publication – YYYY
Description   Blog
Accessed date   Accessed date – Month DD, YYYY
URL   URL

Software, including AI tools

The AMA (American Medical Association, authors of the AMA Manual of Style) does not allow AI software such as ChatGPT to be listed as authors on papers, stating that "nonhuman artificial intelligence, language models, machine learning, or similar technologies do not qualify for authorship."1

Without specific guidelines from the AMA, details for citing AI tools in Bond assignments as given below. Students must comply with University and assignment guidelines on using AI in assignments.

In the in-text citation, it may be useful to state how the AI tool was used, such as:

ChatGPT1 was used to reformat the information in Table 1.

General format

1. Software Name. Version no. Publisher; Year. Accessed Date. URL

Examples

ChatGPT

  1. ChatGPT. Version Mar 14. OpenAI; 2023. Accessed March 28, 2023. https://openai.com/

EndNote - installed on the computer, rather than accessed online

  1. EndNote. Version 20.4.1, Build 16297. Clarivate; 2022.

Style notes

  • Software companies may differ in the way they describe the version number. In the ChatGPT example above, the version is identified by a date rather than a version number.